Medulloblastoma In Children
Updated: Feb 21, 2023
Title Talk: Medulloblastoma In Children Author: Pr Daoud Souad
Associate Professor
Neurosurgery Department of University Hospital of Oran
Algeria
Email: souadaoud@gmail.com
Volume: Brain Cancer 2023_CN28_AA05
Abstract:
Medulloblastoma is the most common primary neuroectoderme tumor or PNET. It develops in the cerebellum, most commonly in the vermis.
Medulloblastoma accounts for about 1/3 of all posterior fossa tumors.
It is a malignant, invasive tumor, which can metastasis throughout the central nervous system via the cerebrospinal fluid.
The majority of these tumors occur before the age of 10 (40% before 5 years and 75% before 10 years). It is thus the most common solid tumor in this age group (10-20% of intracranial tumors in children). It is rare in adults.
Intracranial hypertension is the earliest and most consistent telltale sign, associated with a more or less marked disturbance of balance. Cranial nerve palsies may occur if there is infiltration of the brain stem by the tumor. The development of neuroimaging (CT and MRI) has enabled early diagnosis. Surgical removal is usually the first step in treatment. The standard post-operative treatment is posterior fossa irradiation combined with brain and spinal cord irradiation (crânio-spinal irradiation). The combination of surgery and radiotherapy has resulted in a 5-year survival rate of about 50% for all risk levels.
From a series of 26 cases of medulloblastoma, we propose to report the experience of the neurosurgery department of the university hospital of Oran, Algeria.
